Order Management Information Systems

Order Management Information Systems

(Revised on 2023-4-20)

Caught in a Geopolitical Tug of War: Huawei, 5G, and the European Union

Name: University of Arizona

Date Created: February 2023

Website: https://www.arizona.edu/

The following descriptions contain background information and objectives, key action items, resources, and milestones in the CapSource Open case, titled, Caught in a Geopolitical Tug of War: Huawei, 5G, and the European Union. This exercise will serve as the final project for the course, BUS506 Management Information System. It is a team as well as individual exercise with the class divided into four teams as below. Each Team should cover all four Milestones and can divide work assignments by Milestone. Teams can use Guiding Questions and Deliverable descriptions to produce the deliverables in Microsoft Powerpoint slides and the contributor’s name should be noted in the title slide. All deliverables are supposed to be posted in the Mileston team folder in the Google Classroom / Google Drive by May 8, 2023 (Monday). Thanks. Abraham Kim, 2023-4-17.

Team A:

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23440 Bobby Athmakuri ba23440@wuv.edu

Background & Objective

The “fifth generation” (5G) of telecommunication systems will be one of the most critical building blocks of the European Union (EU) digital economy and society in the next decade. The EU has taken significant steps to lead global developments towards this strategic technology. 5G will provide virtually ubiquitous, ultra-high bandwidth, and low latency connectivity not only to individual users, but also to connected objects.1 From artificial intelligence to self-driving cars to telemedicine, all the things Europeans hope will make their lives easier, safer, and healthier will require high-speed, always-on internet connections. However, China-based Huawei Technologies Co., the world’s largest provider of telecom equipment maker and leader of 5G technology, has faced opposition in the EU over building out the new 5G infrastructure on the continent. Amid security concerns, the EU has raised fears that Huawei’s equipment could be used to spy on countries and companies at the behest of the Chinese government. The case involves multiple stakeholders and raises economic, legal, and ethical issues worthy of consideration.

Huawei’s technology touches virtually every corner of the globe. Huawei’s carrier business (e.g., networking equipment) has been the company’s heart and soul, but its enterprise business (e.g., cloud computing) has grown at breakneck speed. Huawei got its start supplying telecom equipment to rural areas of China, which remains its largest market. Huawei later expanded to other developing markets before capturing a significant share of Europe’s telecom market. Currently, Huawei along with Chinese peer ZTE, hold a combined market share in the EU of more than 40%.2 Huawei is well entrenched in existing 4G wireless networks on the continent. Huawei’s equipment is priced so cheaply and is of such high quality that EU mobile operators have little choice but to use it. If the EU were to institute a ban on Huawei due to security threats emanating from its products, replacing existing networks would be expensive. For EU countries that have Huawei 4G gear, it makes sense to have their 5G gear as well, as there are financial incentives that can’t be overlooked. Neither operators nor the governments of the EU have the funding to replace Huawei in their networks.3 According to an industry analysis, restricting Huawei from EU networks would cost the region $62 billion, delay 5G rollout for 18 months, and reduce competition in the network equipment market. The analysis assumed that there was no security risk to using Huawei equipment.4

Two wide-ranging Chinese national security laws are of grave concern to governments worldwide: the National Intelligence Law and the Counter-Espionage Law. The former requires Chinese information technology (IT) firms to support, assist, and cooperate in national intelligence work. The latter states that during the course of a counter-espionage investigation, relevant organizations and individuals, must truthfully provide information and must not refuse. Major governments including Japan, Australia, and the United States have blocked Huawei from providing hardware for 5G. The United States has argued that Huawei equipment could provide backdoors to the Chinese government into American networks.5 The EU identified a series of specific security threats posed by foreign vendors of telecommunications equipment, significantly heightening the bloc’s scrutiny of suppliers like Huawei. EU leaders will lay out specific guidelines for member states on how best to approach issues of security within 5G networks which EU member countries, can choose to adopt or ignore.6 The confrontation between the United States and China over Huawei’s role in the deployment of 5G networks in Europe has placed the EU in the middle of a geopolitical tug of war and has led to questions about the EU’s approach to the issue and ultimately which side the EU will take on the matter.7 The United States has cautioned the EU that allowing untrustworthy companies such as Huawei to supply networking equipment could jeopardize the sharing of sensitive information between nations. The United States has also warned the EU that Huawei could steal intellectual property, engage in espionage, and potentially sabotage networks. Huawei has vehemently denied any criminal wrongdoing and has taken exception to being unfairly maligned by the United States. Huawei has countered that the United States has not provided evidence that it has worked inappropriately with the Chinese government or that it would in the future. Huawei has insisted that it will remain independent of the Chinese government despite its national security laws. Moreover, Huawei has contended that there are ways to manage and mitigate risks which have worked successfully in other countries.8

This case was written by Dr. Paul Melendez, Department of Management and Organizations, The University of Arizona. January 13, 2020.

Key Action Items

Firstly research the company and understand its background in the EU. Deep dive into the security concerns and regulatory challenges. Examine the company’s impact on the European market and try to predict its future in the region. After answering the guiding questions below, prepare a presentation and summarize your findings and thoughts on the complexity of this case.

Ways to Measure Success

To understand the complications of Huawei’s position in Europe, we ask you to consider factors such as the company’s market share, revenue, brand reputation, and customer feedback. Create a competitor analysis to explore Huawei’s market position in their industry and research the regulatory environment. What steps did the EU take toward the company, and how did those regulations impact Huawei’s sales and revenue? What do you think about the company’s plausible threat regarding engaging in espionage? How would you weigh these factors?

Resources

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1 European Union Archive

2 How Huawei took over the world

3 Huawei Still Has Friends in Europe Despite US Warnings

4 To Rip And Replace Huawei In EU Mobile Networks Costs About 7 Per Subscriber

5 Huawei says it would never hand data to China s government Experts say it wouldn t have a choice

6 EU Warns of 5G Risks Amid Scrutiny of Huawei

7 5G and the US China Tech Rivalry a Test for Europe s Future in the Digital Age

8 Is Huawei a security threat Seven experts weigh in

Milestone #1
Huawei’s entry into the European market

Suggested Outcome(s)

Understand the company’s current position in the European market and how it has achieved this place since its launch.

Guiding Questions

· How did Huawei entry to the European market?

· What factors contributed to its early success?

· What was the unique value proposition that they offered? (compared to the competitors)

· What strategies has Huawei employed to expand its presence in Europe? (such as mergers and acquisitions, partnerships with local companies, and aggressive marketing campaigns)

Deliverable

Understand the company’s current position in the European market and how it has achieved this place since its launch.

Milestone #2
Understanding security concerns and regulatory challenges

Suggested Outcome(s)

These concerns have led to various actions by European governments and regulators, including bans or restrictions on using Huawei’s products in critical infrastructure and increased scrutiny of Huawei’s operations and supply chain. Huawei has denied involvement in espionage activities and has taken steps to improve transparency and security in its products and services. What are the steps the company made to improve its transparency? What are the bans and restrictions by the EU toward Huawei’s products?

Guiding Questions

· How would you weigh the risk of the company’s role in plausible espionage activities on behalf of the Chinese government?

· Do you agree with the concerns that Huawei’s products and services could contain hidden backdoors or vulnerabilities that malicious actors could exploit to gain unauthorized access to critical infrastructure or sensitive data? Why, or why not?

· What do you think about Huawei’s lack of transparency in its operations?

· There are concerns that Huawei’s products and services could be used to launch cyber attacks against European governments, businesses, or individuals. Why do you agree or disagree with this statement?

Deliverable

These concerns have led to various actions by European governments and regulators, including bans or restrictions on using Huawei’s products in critical infrastructure and increased scrutiny of Huawei’s operations and supply chain. Huawei has denied involvement in espionage activities and has taken steps to improve transparency and security in its products and services. What are the steps the company made to improve its transparency? What are the bans and restrictions by the EU toward Huawei’s products?

Milestone #3
Examine Huawei’s impact on the European market

Suggested Outcome(s)

Examine the factors above to gain a better understanding of the impact of Huawei on the European market and how the company has contributed to the evolution of the technology industry in the region.

Guiding Questions

· How has Huawei responded to the various security concerns and regulatory challenges it faced in Europe?

· What steps and efforts has the company made to improve transparency and security in its products and services?

· Look at Huawei’s market share in different product categories, such as smartphones or telecommunication equipment. How do you see the company’s impact on the competitive landscape of the telecommunication industry in Europe?

· What can you say about the company’s revenue and profitability? How successful is the company in generating sales and profits in the region?

Deliverable

Examine the factors above to gain a better understanding of the impact of Huawei on the European market and how the company has contributed to the evolution of the technology industry in the region.

Milestone #4
Future prospects for Huawei

Suggested Outcome(s)

According to your research, answer the questions below and understand the company’s future prospects in Europe. What would you say about its prospective position in the region? Create a presentation and explain your answers.

Guiding Questions

· Analyze the regulatory environment: Examine how European governments and regulators responded to concerns about security and the role of Chinese technology companies in Europe to provide insight into the future regulatory landscape for Huawei. What do you see as a threat to the company? From the company’s perspective, what could be plausible solutions for those?

· What are the broader market trends in the technology industry, such as the growth of 5G networks, the adoption of cloud computing, and the development of new technologies like AI? How Huawei is positioned to take advantage of these trends?

· What can you say about the market competition in Europe? How Huawei is positioned to compete with those companies to provide its place in the region?

· Explore the company’s investments in research and development and its partnerships with European companies and universities, which can provide insight into its ability to innovate and develop new products and services.

· What is Huawei’s brand reputation? How the company is perceived by consumers, businesses, and other stakeholders?

Deliverable

According to your research, answer the questions below and understand the company’s future prospects in Europe. What would you say about its prospective position in the region? Create a presentation and explain your answers.