Mammalian vs Osteichthyes Circulation and Respiration

BIO 203 Introductory Biology II Laboratory         Report Questions

Lab 11 Mammalian vs Osteichthyes Circulation and Respiration

This exercise explores the structure and function of the circulatory systems and gas-exchange systems in 2major groups of vertebrates:Bony Fish (Osteichthyes)&Mammals. You are asked to describe basic features of the structure and function of each system in each group. Your lecture Powerpoints and textbook for Bio 202should provide many of the answers. Other answers should come easily from basic internet searching.

Your answer to each question must meet the following requirements:

• You must write your answer in your own words. To do otherwise is plagiarism, which is one form of academic misconduct. You may not “cut & paste” any part of your answer. You may not “cut & paste” any material and then modify that material; to do so still is plagiarism. Write your answer in your own words.
• You may not include direct quotes from your sources, not even in quotation marks. No credit is given for material used from a source without successful paraphrasing.
• Provide a URL and matching literature cited reference for any photos you include.
• Provide an in-text reference and matching literature cited entry for ANY material used to generate your answers.

Your answer to questions 1-4 each must be at least 75 words (for a total of at least 300 words for the entire report).  Both answers must be submitted as a single Word document through Turnitin.

You may wish to use figures to help illustrate an answer but your written answer must stand on its own. Only your written answer will be graded.

1. Describe the circulatory system of a bony fish (18 points, 6 points each part)
   1. Describe the basic structure of the heart of a bony fish, including itsfour chambers and three valves. (6 points possible)
   2. Describe the five basic blood vessel types, including major capillary beds (i.e., systemic, gills), of the circulatory system of a bony fish.
   3. Describe the pathway followed by a red blood cell just entering the heart from the main (systemic) tissues of the body as that red blood cell moves through the heart and through the circulatory network and then back to the heart.

2. Describe the circulatory system of an adultmammal (18 points, 6 points each part)
   1. Describe the basic structure of the heart of a mammal, including its four chambers and four valves.
   2. Describe the four majorblood vessels near the heart, and identify major capillary beds (i.e., systemic, pulmonary), of the circulatory system of a mammal.
   3. Describe the pathway followed by a red blood cell just entering the heart from the main (systemic) tissues of the body as that red blood cell moves through the heart and through the circulatory network and then back to the heart to complete a full cycle.

3. Describe the gas-exchange system of a bony fish.(17 points)
   1. Describe the four main structures that comprise the gills and their location in the body.(5 points)
   2. Describe the mechanism by which water is pumped over the gills, and in what direction. (5 points)
   3. Describe the movement of blood through the gills, relative to the movement of water over the gills. (7 points)

4. Describe the gas-exchange system of an adult (17 points)
   1. Describe the structure and location of the lungs and the airway leading to the lungs. (5 points)
   2. Describe the mechanism by which air is moved into & out of the lungs. (5 points)
   3. Describe the pathway of that air movement.(7 points)

5. Optional “Fancy Pants” Bonus Marks Question (10 points) How does the structure & function of the circulatory system in a fetal mammal differ from that of the adult mammal?
   1. Where is fetal blood oxygenated and what is the pathway of oxygenated blood to the fetal heart? (+5 points possible)
   2. How does the structure of the fetal heart and the blood flow through the fetal heart differ from the adult? (+5 points possible)

Be certain that you fully acknowledge all of the sources of information that you use to answer these questions.